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Keiser, Jessica. The “All Lives Matter” response: QUD-shifting as epistemic injustice
2021, Synthese, 199(3), pp.8465-8483.
Topics: Communication; Philosophy of Language
Keywords: presupposition; questions under discussion; slogans
Traditions: Analytic; European
Languages: English

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Added by: Petronella Randell
Abstract:

Drawing on recent work in formal pragmatic theory, this paper shows that the manipulation of discourse structure—in particular, by way of shifting the Question Under Discussion mid-discourse—can constitute an act of epistemic injustice. I argue that the “All Lives Matter” response to the “Black Lives Matter” slogan is one such case; this response shifts the Question Under Discussion governing the overarching discourse from Do Black lives matter? to Which lives matter? This manipulation of the discourse structure systematically obscures the intended meaning of “Black lives matter” and disincentivizes future utterances of it.

Comment : Useful in a philosophy of language course as an illustration of how questions under discussion evolve in conversation and how this might result in epistemic injustice. Could also be used to start discussions of slogans.
Difficulty: IntermediateIntermediate
Recommended use: FurtherFurther reading
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Kouri Kissel, Teresa. Logical Pluralism from a Pragmatic Perspective
2018, Australasian Journal of Philosophy 96 (3):578-591
Topics: Logic and Mathematics
Keywords: connectives; polysemy; questions under discussion
Traditions: Analytic; Formal; North American; Pragmatic
Languages: English

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Added by: Franci Mangraviti
Abstract:

This paper presents a new view of logical pluralism. This pluralism takes into account how the logical connectives shift, depending on the context in which they occur. Using the Question-Under-Discussion Framework as formulated by Craige Roberts, I identify the contextual factor that is responsible for this shift. I then provide an account of the meanings of the logical connectives which can accommodate this factor. Finally, I suggest that this new pluralism has a certain Carnapian flavour. Questions about the meanings of the connectives or the best logic outside of a specified context are not legitimate questions.

Comment : Can serve as an example of logical pluralism in any philosophy of logic course. Familiarity with the pluralisms of Shapiro and Carnap is helpful for comparison, but is not technically required.
Difficulty: IntermediateIntermediate
Recommended use: Further, SpecialisedSpecialised reading, Further reading
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